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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study clinical outcomes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) using ROI-C compared to traditional cage with anterior plating in treating the cervical spondylotic myelopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 66 patients with the cervical spondylotic myelopathy were treated with ACDF between April 2011 and October 2012. Twenty-three patients underwent ACDF using the ROI-C device were classified as the ROI-C group and 43 patients received traditional cage with anterior plating served as the titanium plate group. Related indicators, such as operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, incidence of postoperative dysphagia and ratio of bone graft fusion were recorded and compared between two groups. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and visual analog scale (VAS) scores. The pre- and postoperative results were compared with a paired sample t-test. The results between groups were compared utilizing the grouped t-test or χ² test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All cases were followed up. The follow-up period was 12 to 38 months and 14 to 39 months in ROI-C group and titanium plate group respectively. For the age, gender, the JOA scores, VAS scores of neck pain and arm pain during preoperative, the surgical level constituent ratio and the follow-up time, there were no significant differences between two groups. In ROI-C group, the operation time was (123 ± 38) minutes, intraoperative blood loss was (84 ± 37)ml, exposure times to the X-ray C-arm machine was (3.5 ± 0.7) times, which were all significantly lower than titanium plate group ((165 ± 60) minutes, (128 ± 66) ml, (5.9 ± 1.2) times respectively, t = -3.27, -3.25, - 9.45, P = 0.02, 0.02, 0.00). The mean JOA scores increased significantly from pre-surgery to 1 month postoperatively, 3 months postoperatively, and last follow-up in ROI-C group (t = 11.94, 11.32, 10.60, all P = 0.00) and titanium plate group(t = 15.07, 19.51, 17.55, all P = 0.00). The mean VAS scores of neck pain and arm pain decreased significantly from pre-surgery to 1 month postoperatively, 3 months postoperatively, and last follow-up in ROI-C group (t = -16.64-- 9.68, all P = 0.00) and titanium group(t = -16.56--12.38, all P = 0.00). There was no significant difference on JOA scores and VAS scores of neck pain and arm pain between the two groups at the same time (P > 0.05). However, significant difference was observed in incidence of postoperative dysphagia (χ² = 6.79, P = 0.01). In addition, bony fusion was obtained in all cases at the last follow-up postoperatively. There was no significant difference on ratio of bone graft fusion between two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The ROI-C leads to similar clinical outcomes compared to traditional cage combined with anterior plating for the treatment of the cervical spondylotic myelopathy, while the ROI-C carries a simpler operation, shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, less exposure times to the X-ray and a lower risk of postoperative dysphagia.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bone Plates , Cervical Vertebrae , General Surgery , Diskectomy , Methods , Follow-Up Studies , Spinal Fusion , Methods , Titanium , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To introduce comet assay and to analyze the DNA damage and repair ability of human fetal lung diploid fibroblasts (2BS) as well as lymphocytes. Methods The mixture of 2BS cells (or lymphocytes) and 1% LMA is put on the gel of 0. 5% NMA. After breakage, electrophoresis and stain, the comet tail distance and comet tail area of 100 cells (per sample) are analyzed with Leica image analysis system. Results There are no obvious comet tail for most of young and senescent 2BS cells as well as lymphocytes from young and senescent donors. The comet tails of 28PD 2BS cells treated with H2O2 are obvious. Moreover, the comet tail distances and tail areas of the cells increase as the concentration of H2O2 increasing. The stastics data of the 28PD 2BS cells exposed to H2O2 are as following. Comet tail distance: s = 1.7 ~3. 5 (?m)、CV = 1. 6% ~ 2. 8% . Comet tail area: s = 1. 5% ~ 2. 3%、CV = 1. 8% ~ 2. 5% . Conclusions The DNA breakage level is low both for young and senescent cell. H2O2 can damage DNA obviously. Comet assay is one of important methods used to comment on DNA damage and DNA repair ability.
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Objective To investigate the effects of ?-2-macroglobulin on the aging process of human diploid fibroblasts. Methods pIRES-A2M sense and antisense vectors were constructed and transferred into 2BS cells mediated by lipofectamine.2BS/A2Ms and 2BS/A2Ma cell lines were verified by Southern and Northern blot analysis respectively.Cell growth curve,the population doublings,cell cycle analysis,staining of senescent-associated-?-galactosidase and expression of p16 and p21 in transfected cells were measured. Results Southern and Northern blot analysis verified that the exogenous cDNAs were integrated into genomic DNA in the transfected cells.The ultmost population doublings of 2BS/A2Ms cells were slightly higher than normal 2BS cells.Cell growth curve,cell cycle analysis,staining of senescent-associated-?-galactosidase and the population doublings all revealed that 2BS/A2Ms cells demonstrated obvious difference compared with 2BS/A2Ma cells((P0.05). Conclusions The aging process of 2BS cells is influenced slightly by expression of A2M.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reveal the role of Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) in regulating human diploid fibroblast (2BS cell) senescence as well as the possible mechanisms involved.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using a PI3Ks specific inhibitor, LY294002, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, senescence association beta-galactosidase staining as well as senescence association CKIs, p16(INK4) and p21(Cip1) protein expressions were all measured in the low passages of 2BS cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both 25 micro mol/L and 50 micro mol/L concentrations of LY294002 could cause a significant decrease in cells entering into S phase, and this cell cycle of G(1) phase arrest was dose-dependent. Meanwhile, LY294002 contributed to apoptosis, caused 2BS cell growth arrest, and activated senescence association beta-galactosidase (P < 0.05). In addition, LY294002 could induce time-course expressions of p16(INK4) and p21(Cip1) in 2BS cell lines.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PI3Ks inhibitor LY294002 could induce senescence-like changes in 2BS cell lines. Two senescence associated CKIs, p16(INK4) and p21(Cip1), might be involved in this senescence phenotype proceeding in 2BS cell lines.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Cells, Cultured , Cellular Senescence , Chromones , Pharmacology , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 , Cyclins , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Enzyme Inhibitors , Pharmacology , Fibroblasts , Physiology , G1 Phase , Morpholines , Pharmacology , Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesABSTRACT
Objective The relationship between DNA methylation and the overexpression of cell cycle negative regulator p16MTS1/INK4a in senescent cells was studied. Methods PCR amplification of p16 exon I following digestion with Sma I , a methylation sensitive DNA endonuclease, was adapted to determine the methylation status at specific site. Results T-he increased expression of p16 in the aging process of human fetal lung diploid fibroblasts (2BS) was observed. In middle-aged and old cells, the p16 level was about 3 folds and 10 folds respectively as that in young cells. The methylation level of the Sma I site in p16 exon I tended to decline with aging, being about 64% and 41% in young and middle-aged cells respectively, but still maintain relatively as high as about 24% in senescent cells. Conclusions The overexpression of p16 in senescent human fibroblasts might be related to the alteration of methylation level of exon I, its mechanisms need to be defined further.
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Objective To investigate the involvement of cell cycle negative regulator p16 in the replicative senescence of normal human diploid fibroblasts. Methods p16 cDNA and retroviral vector was introduced into normal human fibroblast 2BS cells by transfection technique. Then the effects of p16 on replicative cellular senescence of 2BS cells were examined. Results Compared with the control cells, 2BS cells transfected with p16 cDNA showed significant suppression of growth rate (decrease 50%) with cell cycle arrested at G1 phase. This phenomenon similar to that of the senescent cells, with the cellular response to stimulation by growth factor decreased 79.4%, showing the characteristics in morphology of senescent fibroblasts. Conclusions The over expression of p16 gene contributes to the process of cellular senescence of normal human diploid fibroblasts.
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55 population doubling, PD) were compared with those of the young cells(
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Objective The differentially expressed genes in the progress of cellular senescence were studied. Methods Suppression subtractive hybridization was used to young and senescent human diploid fibroblast 2BS cells, then screening and analyzing the subtractive libraries. Results Two kinds of subtraction libraries were obtained, respectively representing the differential genes with higher expression in young cells or senescent cells. Screened by dot blot, thirty of genes with differential ratio larger than 2 were sequenced, showing changes in much of cell functions. Some of them also had expression change between blood samples from newborn or old people. Conclusions The differential expression of RBM4?FBXO7?TOM1 is reported during 2BS cell senescence for the first time. There are the similarities during the senescence of culture cell and organism.